爱丽丝门罗《亲爱的生活》中女性主体意识的研究 A Study of Female Subjectivity in Alice Munro’ s Dear Life开题报告

 2023-01-06 04:01

1. 研究目的与意义

爱丽丝门罗以独特而不同的女性视角和特有的洞察力展示了社会附加和女性特征二者之间的冲突，在女性面对我是谁这一问题上，给出了答案，即挖掘潜在真实的自我，追求真实的自我，探究作为不同角色的女性的完整性。

本文探寻女性在作品《亲爱的生活》中，在生活的迷失中如何走上一条认同自我，重构自我，回归自我的自我认识之路。

2. 文献综述

Literature Review on Alice Munro and Her WorksAlice Munro, winner of The Nobel Prize in Literature in 2013, is an outstanding short-story writer in Canadas literary circle. Her stories are close to civilians daily experience like marriage and love affairs, as well as happiness and sufferings. Her simple portrayal implicates strong emotions, and the real meaning of life. American Jewish writer Cynthia Ozick considers her as the Contemporary Chekhov. Besides, many European and American literati honor her the title of master of the contemporary story.Dear life, published in 2012, is her latest book before she said she would end up writing. It consists of fourteen short stories, while the last four chapters---The Eye, Night, Voice and Dear Life---are thought to be the autobiography of the author. She regards it as the best of all her works. As for Dear Life, the research aimed at it is limited especially in China in account of few translations and a small number of academic papers. To study the work, readers can interpret it from other classics or getting in touch with her inner self. The research on Munros works abroad mentions as the following three aspects:First, the narrative skills in Munros works are different with traditional patterns. Much seems outwardly normal and straightforward, such as family relationships, love affairs, but the uniqueness is that she is good at using moral chaos and a destructive force to portray the real meaning of life. In addition, she used to utilize desalinating plot, flashbacks, interleaves and some other flexible narrative methods. For instance, according to Robert Thacker, in his paper Clear Jelly: Alice Munros Narrative Dialects, he points out the double narrative perspective applied in her work, and further argues that unique flashbacks is the catalyst of artistic charm of the novel. It attracts scholars and readers by changing the narrative rhythm over and over time and building suspenseful tension. Also, Coral Ann Howells who wrote Alice Munro (1998) analyzes the whole process of Munros writing style and arrives at such a conclusion: no changes of theme in her fictions but continuous innovation of narrative technique. That raises Walter. R. Martin and Edward Dickinson Blodgetts resonance. The former puts up some features in Alice Munro: paradox and parallel: they are typicality of protagonists, continuous evolution of narrative, dialectical unification of contradiction and parallelism and exaggerated imagination of the theme and the structural model respectively. While the latter puts forward three stages of the development of Munros narrative techniques in the paper Alice Munro (1988).Second, her stories suggest a radical ambiguity as its figures are always partial and changeable. Judith Miller mentions in The Art of Alice Munro that, one such passage from Who Do You Think You Are focuses on Roses own return to childhood memories which is concerned with the focus on identity. Meeting Ralph again, Rose has made a specialty of doing Milton Homer, a phrase which infers to one first looking into Milton Homer, intertextual play in Keats, and finally of the male tradition of English letters. It also means the aping needed to symbolize the village eccentric, Milton Homer. Here both literary tradition and the whole issue of impersonation are confused by the real person. The ambiguity of finding a place unique in tradition or becoming a different individual remains. Put it differently, a person is multiple, like an acting clown. In Blooms Modern Critical Views, the author Harold Bloom writes that though she revises these in multiple ways as connections with realism become more ambiguous, she does not engage directly with identity issues relating to nationality, race, or ethnicity. He further comments on Munros writing with the concept identity, evidence can reveal that in all these relationships between male and female comprise the field where the woman is defined through resistance to patriarchy society, Munro is still seeking for new ways of saying the unsayable and constructing probably fictions, figuring out identitiesThird, as a female writer, she concentrates a lot on the women who wishes for escape from some kind of predicament. Expert as she is, she depicts some slice of life in the eye of women, leading readers to witness females living conditions, distinctive emotions and rich inner world. Different critics stand from different viewpoints. From the paper written by Barbara Godard Heirs of the Living Body: Alice Munro and the Question of a Female Aesthetic (1984), it discusses the issue on female subjectivity and desire, as well as the relation between female writhers and literary convention, making it the first staple about her feminism research. In addition, from the view of mother images and the relationships between the mother and the daughter, Magdalene Redekop wrote the paper Mothers and Other Clowns: The Stories of Alice Munro in 1992, she believes in those works mot matter you are married or not, the feminine is submitted to the man, while they face up with plights ad imprisonment in their lives. Lastly, Beverly J. Rsporich explores the influence of Munros female status and realization on her works in the aspects of model, technique and content based on some feminist literary theories. Last but not least, it would be worth mentioning that the feminist movement has a significant influence on her writing. For example, the feminist movement has a significant influence on her writing for she is growing up with the new North American feminist movement, so that it is no doubt that she would adhere to pursue the female self-consciousness like others before or at her time. Simone de Beauvoir, with whose The Second Sex (1949), is one of the founders of female movement. She argues that apart from the natural physiological gender, all the womens female characters are the results of the society. When a woman tries to define herself, then she begins to say I am a woman, and no man would do so. Womens low position is fixed by men with a certain form while women still submit to. De Beauvoirs work differs in sex and gender, and suggests an relation between social and natural functions: One is not born, but rather becomes, a womanit is civilization as a whole that produces this creatureOnly the intervention of someone else can establish an individual as an Other. Distinguishing between Being female and being constructed as a woman, Simone de Beauvoir assumes the destruction of patriarchy if women are willing to break out their fossilized concept. However, women detached from men cease to be angles in the house, instead exercising intellectual and political power. Chances are that the author writing those works intends to call for womens questing for latent authentic self. Although Munro had made a big success in literature, domestic researchers do not focus much to her and her works. Domestic literature research is almost blank before 2000.The first review on her work is written by Jian Guorus Analysis of the office which introduces The Office from the aspects of theme, figures and writing techniques. Since 2000, there are only 16 research papers on Munro, including Zhou Yis On Alice Munros Face, Alice Munro and Canadian Literature: An Interview with Professor Robert Thacker; Lai Jiyangs Alice Munro and Her Run Away; Li Xiaonas Escape from the Besieges Fortress---An Analysis of Alice Munros Run away . Data shows that much is on Runaway which takes up about 64%. In 2009, when the author won the 2009 Man Booker International Prize, there is gradually ascending scholarly attention on Munro. China Reading Weekly made such comment on Munros works:She is always looking into ordinary womens lives. She seeks inspiration from her mother and her self, and runs gamut from girls to wife and mother, middle-aged to elderly. She is especially skilled in touching the twists and turns of the females sexual psychology. The resulting physical and mental burdens are nuances, complicated, and refractory, seemingly frail but stoic.Similarly, literary circles at home also mention the female characters and narrative methods, but not as systemic as foreign countries. Comparing researches on Munro at home and abroad, readers can find that the foreign research has quite a scale. Comprehensive and fruitful, monographs abroad have carried out special study in deep analysis. Conversely, domestic research on Munro is weak both in the breadth and depth which is still at the mining stage. To summarize, the above literature comments on Munro and her works at home and abroad reveal the accomplishment of research recently. Being regarded as one of the most excellent women writers, Alice Munro had never made affirmation that she is a feminist writer, however, many cases have showed that one can read her fictions or novels from that standpoint. Fewer study with reference of Dear Life at home compared by the abroad. Chicago Tribune praise it that, ExquisiteNo other author can tell quite so much with so little. According to my survey, few scholars make reviews on Dear Life from the perspective of female subjectivity that is, emphasizing the innermost of self and establishing female authentic self. It is worth devoting to because it is related to each womans cognition and future life. Therefore, this paper would take Dear Life as the subject investigated from the perspective of female subjectivity and explore the deep information author would like to convey to modern females indeed.

3. 设计方案和技术路线

本论文用女性主义视角全面细致地解析《亲爱的生活》中的女性形象，探讨女性的生存现状。

以期能丰富、扩展对《亲爱的生活》研究。

4. 工作计划

前期的准备工作比i如开题报告和文献综述已经完成，现在进入论文初稿的撰写。

论文的大纲即每个章节的内容已经确定，需要的女性主义理论知识也收集完毕。

接下来将会逐步写论文的正文部分。

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5. 难点与创新点

《亲爱的生活》这部作品是爱丽丝门罗认为写的最好的一部作品，但是国内对其研究不多，因此论文撰写者打算用女性主义视角中的女性主体性来分析这篇小说。

从而给当代女性如何在自我认知方面形成参考，在女性的婚姻和生活中的定位都是有意义的。

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